Gear wheel



Oct. 30 1923.

A. J. BASTIIAN GEAR WHEEL Filed July 5, 1919 INVENTOR ATTORNEY reta ned on. so,

Application filed .l'uly 55, 1919. Eerie.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ARTHUR J. Bushman, a citizen of the United States, and resi dent of Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State oi? Pennsylvania, have in vented a new and useful lmprovement in Gear Wheels, oi which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to gear wheels and other machine elements or hubbed elements and it has, for its primary object, the provision of a gear wheel comprising a selfsustaining working body portion, of fibrous material, and a hardened hinder, of improved and superior construction. llereto'lore, gear wheels have been formed by superimposed layers oi: fibrous sheet ma terial, such as dock or paper, impregnated with a binder, preferably one which. may be hardened. by the application o'l heat and pressure, such as a phenolic condensation. product. Assembled gear bodies of this character have been cured under heat and pressure, either to the exact shape or the desired gears or in the shape of gear blanks from which the gears have been subsequently milled.

"Tl-ears of this character have been very satisfactory, but I have found that a gear wheel or. other machine element possessing somewhat greater resiliency than has been. previously obtained in the manufacture of such composite gears is very desirable in certain lields of application.

My present invention, therefore, resides in the provision of wheel or other machine element, of composite heat-hardened material, which shall possess unusual resiliency without sacrificing, to any material extent at least, the advantages of strength, hardness and the capacity to re sist absorption. oi. moisture and oils possessed by gears or this general type as previously manufactured.

in the accompanying drawing, Fig. l is a side elevational view of a spur gear wheel constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a radial sectional view, with parts broken away, of the gear wheel shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken substan tially along the lines H H of Fig. l; .llig. 3 is a side elevational view cia pinion constructed in accordance with my inven w rying ia l'u fl-lli'llll ESEGNQE '10 NESTlElEtlil' I, A (30ml. Olitillli lfil l' U1? PENNSYLVANIA.

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tion and Fig. l is a sectional view taken substantially along; the line lVlV of Fig. 3, with part or the hub in elevation.

in practising my present invention, it may employ any suitable binder such as shellac, copal, or other varnish gum or gum resin, but ll preferably employ binders which may be hardened under heat and pressure, such as syntl'ietic resins, as, for example, the well known condensation products of phenols and iorn:aldehyde. i i ith the binders l: may employ a composite comminuted or shredded l3 filler GTE such character as to insure the de sired degree of resiliency. F or example, l have found that comminuted cloth such as cut-up or shredded duck, together with ground cork provides an extrei'nely satisfactory n'iaterial.

The binder impregnated material may be molded, by application of heat and pressure, into plates 'lrom which gear blanks may be cut and milled to provide the desired gears or the material may be molded to the exact shape oi the gears required. The entire gear body may be 'lormed or this material or a gear wheel comprising a cenil portion, hub or spider of metal and a seli'sustaining working body portion or grearoing ol the l'nolding material may be provided. ll this latter is the case, the annular working; body portion may be molded separately and subsecpiently mounted. upon the hub, but itis preferably molded directly upon the hub in the form of a ring of suitable proportions, in which the teeth may be subsequently cut.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2 oi the drawings, l have illustrated. a spur wheel. constructed. in accordance with my invention. The spur gear wheel may comprise a central part or hub 1 of any desired in ,al, preferaliily aluminum, con taining, in some instances, small amount of copper, and the periphery of the hub 1 1y be knurled, corrugated, or otherwise roughened as shown at 2. This support or hub may have firmly mounted about it a selfsustaining toothed working; body portion or ring 3 of suitable composite material. The gear ring 8 may preferably be molded di rectly upon the support or hub and may be formed of suitable proportions of shredded 105 or cut-up duck and ground cork, both impregnated with a phenolic condensation product which is hardened, under heat and pressure, during the molding.

The duck or other fabric sheet material may be out up or otherwise connninuted or divided into pieces of suitable dimensions, which may vary from one-eighth to three fourths or more of an inch and it may then be impregnated with a binder. F or convenience of impregnation, however, I pretcrably treat the materia in sheet form with aloinder in solution, dry it to drive oil the solvent and alterwards shred, cut or chop it into suitable pieces. The cork employed may also. be impregnated in sheet form and then ground, but i prefer to treat ground cork, as it is supplied by the trade, with the binder in solution and later drive oli the solvent. r

Various proportions of the eomininuted duck and corkmay be employed, depending upon the desired properties of the finishe' gear, but, for the majority of conditions, I have found that from 5% to 25% cork and 95% to duck gives satisfactory results, although, in most instance the cork will very from 10% to 2071; and the duck from 90% to In Fig. 2 l. hare conventionally shown the duck shreds at e and indicate the cork as at 5.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have illustratedn pinion 6 constructed in ac oidance with my invention andcomprising a metal hub or bushing Y and a toothed gear ring 8 comprising a mixture oi: duck shreds and ground cork impregnated with wheat hardened binder such as a phenolic condensation product. Obviously myinvention is applicable, not only to gear wheels and pinions of all types, but also to pulleys, cams and other machine elements.

By employing the duck in cut-up form and by adding a. suitable proportion of ground cork thereto, I have provided a liller which, with a suitable binder, such as a phenolic condensation product,constitutes a moldable composition possessing highly desirable qualities. F or example, a gear wheel or other machine element form d of such material not only hard, strong and highly resistive to moisture and oil absorption, but it is also unusually resilient as compared with gears formed of materials of a like nature previously employed.

Because 'of this, a gear wheel formed of such material is unusually durable and satisfactory for many purposes as it will absorb or withstand sudden shocks and Stlullli-l such a are commonly imposed upon gear wheels in use. Furthermore, this added resiliency makes the gear wheel run even more quietly in operation than gear wheels of this character as prerioi nianutacturrui.

While I have desci lbcrl my invention in considerable detail, and with particular reference to gear wheels, it will be aii purent that it susceptible of nulncrmis 1 11110.; and that the iuatcria employed is suitable "for use in the inanu'l'iuzture ol a wide range of machine 0' minus and other articles and for these reasons. no limitati'us arc to lie llilpllfiifid upon my invention other than those indicated in the claims.

1'. claim as my i ".eution:----

l. A uioldaljilc material comprising a mir; ture of small pieces of v-soren sheet malcria and ground cork, both imp A, iated with binder which may be hardened by the application ot heat and pressure.

2. A nioldable material compr sing a mix" ture o'i small pieces of duck and. ground cork, both impregnated. with a phenolic will" densation product.

Ap'ear blank cor-.iprsingg a mixture of finely cut-up woven sheet maiicrial and cork associated with a. heat hardened binder.

l. A. pea: blank comprising a mixture oi shredded (luck and ground cork a:-soviatcd ith and hardened by a cured. phenolic r-ondcnsation product.

5. A machine element con 1 1 l l llDliF-litlf a. worl" i sheet material with a. hardened ing body portion of Slll'ttll am round cork assoc/later ARTHUR J. BASTTA N.

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